Blockchain technology has immense potential for decentralization, security, and transparency. However, the interoperability between different blockchains introduces complexities and costs that can undermine these benefits. Traditional cross-chain solutions, particularly bridges, depend on consensus mechanisms that can lead to over-collateralization, tying up significant capital in validator nodes. High expenses associated with maintaining validator communities can create an economically inefficient system. Additionally, bridges exhibit non-deterministic behavior, risking duplication, transaction failures, and loss of funds, as evidenced by substantial losses in various bridge hacks. This reliance on consensus complicates DeFi innovations and slows down the scalability of decentralized applications (dapps). To enhance interoperability, it's proposed to remove the need for consensus in cross-chain interactions by employing deterministic proofs and effective verification methods. This shift allows for streamlined processes without the limitations of traditional consensus-driven frameworks, fostering innovation and efficiency within the blockchain ecosystem. Such a transition could minimize costs, facilitate better transaction predictability, and encourage the development of complex dapps.

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